Building wall



Feb. 2 1926.

J. C. MCDOUGALL BUILDING WALL Filed Deo. l,

/JNU

JAMES cncTL MCDOUGALL, or

PATENT FFICTE.

MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

BUILDING WALL.

Application led December To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES CECIL Mo- DoUGALL, a subject of the King of Greatv Britain, and resident of the city of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Walls, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in building walls, and the object of the invention is to provide-abuildmg wall, which will .be inexpensive, strong, stable and rigid, and which will be provided with horizontal air spaces or chambers for insulating purposes.

Another object 1s to provide a wall of hollow construction, in whichV no mortar joint extends through the wall.

A further object lis to provide a brick wall of hollow construction, which will be easily back plastered and on which plaster will be laid directly on the wall without the use of urrings, lath or the like.

In my invention, the wall consists of three or more brick partitions bonded together in such a manner as to form parallel rows of horizontal air spaces or channels sealed from one another by the bonding courses.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a wall built of three partitionswith two rows ot horizontal air spaces.

Fig. 2 is a section of a modified construction of the wall shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of .a three partition wall with horizontal air spaces of equal width.

Fig. l is a section of a `wall built according to my invention having four partitions and three rows of horizontal air spaces.

Fig. 5 is a modification of the wall shown in Figure 4.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the walls are built of standard brick, in which the width of brick plus one mortar joint is equal to the length of the brick, which also equals three times the thickness of the brick plus two mortar joints. In Figure 1, the bottom course 11 is a bonding course of headers laid on their sides or rowlock position. On the top of this bonding course and forming part of the face of the wall is laid :tour courses of stretchers 12 laid on the flat or natural bed of the bricks and their length lying in the longitudinal 1, 1923. Serial No. 677,999.

direction of the wall. the top of. the

courses 12 is laid another co-urse of headers 11a. On the inside end of the headers `11 is laid a course of brick stretchers4 13 laid on Vtheir sides or in the rowlock position, end

to end, thus leaving a space 14: between the face bricks 12 and the' intermediate partition,

as the width of a brick plus the thickness` of a brick is less than the length of a brick. The inside partition comprises two stretcher courses of brick 15 laid in the row lockposi-V tion, with their length extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall. This inside partition is laid so that the distance from the outside of the intermediate partition to the inside face of the inside par- Il:

tition is equal to the length of a brick. The bonding course 16 bonds the `intermediate partition to the inside partition and` comprises a course of headers laid on the flat or natural bed of the brick. On the top of this bonding course are laid two rows of row- Vlock stretchers 15, the upper edge of the top course being level with the upper edge of the headers 11a. Between the bonding courses and adapted to form apart of the intermediate, partition is laid a course of stretchers or brick disposed on their sides with their length running in the longitudinal direction of the wall. A space 17 isl left between the inside partition and thejintermediate partition. By repeating this method of laying the partitions, a wall of any height may be Built having a. double row of horizontal air chambers superimposed one over the other and' Sealed from one another by means of the bonding courses.` As will be seen from the drawing, no mortar joints extend from one side of the wallto the other, thus the conduction of moisture from the face of the wall to the inner face or back of the wall through the mortar joints by capillary action is prevented. In Figure 2, which shows a modified construction of the wall shown in Figure 1, both the front and back bonding courses, designated 18 and 19 respectively, comprise courses of headers laid on their sides, and between the headers and forming the front and back partitions of the wall are three courses of stretchers 20 laid on their sides. The inner partition is of the same construction as shown in Figure 1, that is, with a course of stretchers 13 laid on their sides between each row of headers. This construction forms a double row of chambers 21 and 22 of equal width, said In Figure, which shows a modification4 of the wall shown in Figure l, the headers 11b are laid on their vnatural bed and the,

stretcher courses 172L in the front and back partitions are also laid on; their natural-bed;

with their length extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall. 1 Theintermedi-v ate partition is-siini-l'ar i to that shown in 'F'ig ure 1. f i

In Fig-'u-relll, the wallis bui-ltmfourpar# titions; The bonding courses" 231 between Ithe intermediate partitionsco'mprise courseso? headers llaid ontheirl lsides and" the bonding courses v 24' between {the1intermediate parti: tions and the onterand linner Vpairtions loom# p risel'ieade'rs laidl on their lside-fsor rowlock' positionv The outerf and inner partitions are built exactly alike,' that l is, with .four courses of, stretch'ers laid'Vy on `ftheir. natural. beds vbetween the bonding courses.` rThe .in ternedia-te partitions arefa'lsof alik'e, ea'icli'havling'-'acouise-V of stretchers.25'.between each bonding cou-rse.' This construction-i forms three' parallel rows? of# horizontal-air fspaces I or chambers superimposed one above-the other andv sea-ledy -fromeaclr other by` .the bonding courses y Y i y In Figurey 5, the wall is built of fonrpan titions, with the-bonding courses 'comp-rising headers26 between the partitions, said headers consisting of .bricks laid. onv their. sides; Between t-he headers or bonding lcourse and forming the front and inner; partitions of the lwvall-, three courses of brick stretchers 27 arelaid onV their-z sides. -Thezinterniedi'ate partitions are of the saine-construction?.asvthfe partition i shown in Fig-ure l', lthat is, with a course of' stretchers 28 laid-'on ytheiredges between e'achbonding Icoursc. Thisgconstruction forms-three? rowsofltorizon-tal cham: bers of equal width, said '7 chambers f being situated one above .the otlreriandfsealed from onel another-by''thebonding:courses; f. The construction' ofxthewall is very' simple and lthe; chambers. may be: back plastered, .as

shown .at 29. T.he inner partition may be provided with; atlayerrof plaster 80,.` which may belaid directly on the brick without the use` ofilaths, furrings or the like. If rt'lerins'l'a'tin required', the chambers nmay',be-- filled with mineral wool, cork or construction of the wall without departing from -thespirit, yof the invention.: t

l. IIayingithus described rmyninvention, ywhat,

I .clailnuis'z---u LA@ hollow' wall constructed i of brick comprising three orn'iorefpailalflel brick-partitions -spazced f from ,one :anothei-,ivertically spaced bonding courses connectingfeach*pair of adjacent'partitions anfd fefxtending the full length olithe latter, the-bonding courses of adjacent series ybeingstaggered verticallyI with'frelationwtoeach :othe-rzso that no joint between the partitions zextendsfrom one side ofthezwa-llfto the other;V j I.

.2. .rh hollow wall constructed? o't brick comprising three or: more' parallel brick' par.- titions# separated;I fromone' another by an airspace, a series of vertically spaced ,bond-A ing cow1ses of brick fbetween Ieachv` two; adjacent-partitions and forming par-t', of 1 a'dj acent series; of! saidV ypartitions, `isa-id 'bonding courses being staggered-vertically with resp'ect to one 'another andQarrangedto extend from endy to end ofvthe -fwallf to lform substantially horizontally disposed air: chain bers ssaid 'air chambers befin-gso positioned that no brick :work ,e-Xtends .thfrough thel wall without being` protected by yan air' chamber. 'f i In l witness whereof, Ifh'aVe' hereunto;- set my hand.

f z f, JAMESfCECIL MGDQUGALIL 

